The three sections are the anterior grey column, the posterior grey column, and the lateral grey column. Similarly to the brain, the grey matter also splits into specific sections in the spinal cord. Different areas of the brain are responsible for various functions, and grey matter plays a significant role in all aspects of human life. The grey matter throughout the central nervous system allows enables individuals to control movement, memory, and emotions. The grey matter has a large number of neurons present, which allows it to process information and release new information through axon signaling found in the white matter. There are also areas of grey matter that are in the inner sections of the brain however, these areas are not known as cortexes but instead are called nucleus or nuclei. There are two major cortexes in the brain, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar cortex. The grey matter surrounding the cerebrum is known as the cortex of the brain. Unlike the structure of the spinal cord, the grey matter in the brain is present in the outermost layer. The grey matter does extend to the spinal cord to make signaling more effective. The grey matter creates a hornlike structure throughout the inside of the spinal cord while the white matter makes up the surrounding sections of the spinal cord. These somas are circular structures that house the nucleus of the cells. The grey matter also extends from the brain into the spinal cord. The grey matter contains the majority of neuron somas, making it appear tan with circulation but grey when prepared for examination outside of the body. This increased surface area is crucial for effective functioning as more neurons can be present in contrast to a brain with a flat surface. Besides this group of neuronal cells, the axons of grey matter are not heavily myelinated, unlike white matter, which contains a high concentration of myelin. The gyri and sulci, or ridges and grooves located in the brain, are present to increase surface area. The highest concentration of neuronal cells is in the cerebellum, which has more than the rest of the brain combined.

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